Factors Affecting The Growth Of Small Businesses - 1056 Words

The purpose of this paper is to identify how different factors impact the growth of small businesses. These factors include, but are not limited to growth strategy, business forms, short and medium term goals, financing assistance, organizational structure and staffing needs, customers and promotion, and ethics and social responsibility. This paper will show exactly how the factors mentioned earlier will affect the advancements of small businesses. Kelly’s Sandwich Stop a concession, has been selling sandwich and other lunch items to customers for the past five years. Although small, her business has been very optimistic and fast growing. Applying diverse strategies to aid in the expansion of the business has made a huge impact on it. The business first developed from a mobile food trailer, and has expanded through the usage of bicycle-towed concession. The employees travel to different locations in town, and currently she’s moving into a store-front where she can run her business from. Growth Strategy There are 3 major steps that are needed to make Kelly’s Sandwich Stop expand. The first step is to determine the growth stage. This step is about understanding the present stage of the growth cycle of the business. There’re are detailed requirements that must be reached in order for any business to move forward. Accessing your present resources is the second step. This step is planned to assess what you have at your disposal in order to reach your dreams. That is,Show MoreRelatedFinancial Issues Affecting Kenyatta Market Women Entrepreneurs Of Nairobi962 Words   |  4 PagesFINANCIAL ISSUES AFFECTING KENYATTA MARKET WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF NAIROBI, KENYA 1. Introduction i. Background Information According to Creighton Yieke (2006), women in Kenya constitute a subordinate, disadvantaged and muted group who are routinely treated as inferior and who face coerced sex, harmful cultural practices, stigma and discrimination. Their inferior legal status in relation to marriage inheritance, guardianship, property ownership, places them in disadvantaged position economicallyRead MoreSmall Businesses Are Essential For The Growth Of Any Economy1113 Words   |  5 PagesBackground: Small businesses are essential for the growth of any economy since they are considered as building blocks. They can be equated to stem cells in the human body that have the ability to self-generate and differentiate into various structural forms. Small businesses can be established to cut across industries, countries, and communities. One of the primary roles of small businesses is the creation of employment for large numbers of people in society. In the United States (US), small businessesRead MoreEconomics For Business Assignment : Economics1362 Words   |  6 Pagesfinal judgement. The degree of government intervention may depend on many factors affecting the economy as a whole, a specific market and the businesses operating within it. The nature of different government regulations may have a restrictive nature, however some government action may have a beneficial effect on business activity and positively impact their objectives. It is essential to look at this argument from the businesses perspective to determine the government impact on their performance. Read MoreSmes, Family Involvement, And Financial Management1580 Words   |  7 Pagesproviders of goods and services to large firms. In fact, 99.6% out of 941,174 establishments in 2013 are micro, small, and medium enterprises. However, the attrition rates for startup MSMEs in the country can go as high as 50 percent, which means that many MSMEs are having a difficult time keeping their business alive. According to Fatoki (2014), one of the key reasons why startup businesses fail is the lack of management control. This commonly leads to poor use of accounting information to manage financesRead MoreCommunication in Business in Changing External Environments1147 Words   |  5 Pagesthe environment is stable, this means that the rate of change is slow; if the environment is dynamic, this means that the rate of change is fast. †¢ Environmental complexity is the number of external factors in the environment that affect organizations. Complex environments have many environmental factors; simple environments have few. †¢ Resource Scarcity is the degree to which an organization’s external environment has an abundance or scarcity of critical organizational resources.       2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  HowRead MoreThe Value of Market Auditing Essay1211 Words   |  5 PagesAssess the value to small businesses of carrying out marketing audits. Illustrate your arguments with reference to an existing small business of your choice In this essay I will be assessing the value of Market auditing for small businesses using the firm Abel and Cole as a model. Market auditing is the means by which a company can understand how it correlates to the environment in which it operates. It is a way by which a company can identity its own pros and cons as they relate to externalRead MoreThe Challenges Of Small Businesses Essay1428 Words   |  6 Pagesand study the challenges that lead to dereliction of some small businesses in Potchefstroom. The study aims to understand and find ways or improved strategies that could assist small businesses to succeed in the future. According to SBA (Cited by Anon., 2016), 30% of new businesses fail during the first two years of being open, 50% during the first five years and 66% during the first 10.This usually takes place because of common factors such as owners lacking the necessary knowledge and managementRead MoreStarbucks s Pizza Enterprises Limited ( Dmp ) : Study Of Strategic Management Practices1655 Words   |  7 Pagesmakes businesses to have an edge over other players in its field as well as protect itself from competitive practices of players outside its core business domain. To maintain that edge, organisations have to constantly lookout for different strategies that will position them well in the market they are operating and give them a strong advantage over their competitors. It is also a well-known fact that internet has revolutionised the way businesses operate. The greatest inventions affecting the businessRead MoreA Report On The Food Industry, Target Market And Swot Analysis1543 Words   |  7 Pages Industry Overview The healthy food market has continued with sustained growth through 2010–2012, even in the face of margin declines (and therefore increased volume growth is not reflected in overall value growth).The total value of the healthy food industry in Australia is an estimated $127million in 2012. As per ABS the average growth projection for the coming years is 10–15%, reflecting the two years of per annum growth from 2010.Total industry value of certified organic products in AustraliaRead MorePolitical Environment Of New Zealand Essay1544 Words   |  7 PagesPESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technology, Legal, and Environmental) analysis explores the external factors which may influence any organization. Political When our company comes in declining stage at that time the political view affect a lot like, Political view has a huge control upon the regulation of businesses .It includes government regulations and legal issues under which businesses should operate. According to the findings, political environment of New Zealand is very stable at this

Mysterious Africa Essay example - 881 Words

Africa has always been mysterious to the rest of the world. The Greeks and the Romans traded with the peoples of Northern Africa. However, they thought that the land mass went no farther south than present day Somalia. In fact, Alexander the Great even considered shipping supplies for his armies around this smaller Africa to India. This same idea continued well into the 15th and 16th centuries until it was discovered that Africa has an extremely large southern protrusion making the second largest continent in the world after Asia. These vast areas used to bring Africa wealth well into the 18th and 19th centuries, trading gold, salt, and also people. Their greatest wealth actually came from this slave trade; they wouldn’t trade their†¦show more content†¦The homeless rate is helped by this and the Arab invasion of the 800’s causing it to be shameful if one didn’t help their own family and friends. It has been this way through most of history. The percepti on that Africa suddenly got poor is totally false, the rest of the world suddenly got very rich. The rest of the world was then collectively egotistic towards the Africans. The peoples of Africa were seen as backwards for the lack of writing systems, complex societies, sewer systems, et cetera that were seen in the supposedly â€Å"civilized† countries of the planet. What the world didn’t realize was that these people had been doing perfectly fine for the last several thousand years. What they also didn’t realize is that people who don’t know they could be living better generally don’t want it, until a few have it, then all want it en masse. This caused several problems directly following the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, the repercussions of which are still felt today as slowly receding echoes. In the early 19th century there was an extreme land grab, when countries started seeing Africa as a land of much wealth. However in 1885 there was a conferenc e in Berlin to determining rules for land grabbing. Then in approximately 1910 the same â€Å"brains† that would a few years later split up Arabia split Africa among a multitude of countries, even giving King Leopold II a huge swath of land called â€Å"The CongoShow MoreRelated20,000 Leagues Under the Sea Essay1935 Words   |  8 Pagesarriving at the Bourse to become occupied with his regular occupation as a stockbroker. In the following years, the increasingly popular author published his first long fiction book, Five Weeks in a Balloon. This book fascinated to many since Central Africa was a vast and unexplored territory. Verne, soon after, would retire and devote his time to create stories that many will now called the greatest works in science fiction (â€Å"Jules Verne†). His works were soon interrupted in the years 1870-71, a timeRead MoreThe Phantom, By Lee Falk1369 Words   |  6 Pagespurple outfit and the skull mask there lurked a white man, the man with white skin and black mask. And though there was the mysterious Anglo credit â€Å"Lee Falk† on the top of each Phantom comics, the signature of the author Lee Falk was unremarkable and the readers didn’t know him as a person. What the readers do know is the mysterious exotic Phantomic setting: â€Å"darkest part of Africa with its big games, the witch doctors and the almost naked black natives† (Friese n.p). The Phantomic paraphernalia is associatedRead MoreRacism And Its Effects On Africa896 Words   |  4 PagesAfrica is one of the most under-looked and misunderstood areas within our world. Unfortunately, this issue stems from a history of oppression and disruptive influences from outside countries. Also, it does not help that the practices of recording history in the past were not the most ethical and sensitive to the people of Africa. With that came the opportunity for stereotyping and not really seeking to understand the complex dynamic of the continent. Africa is vast in size with great diversity withinRead MoreAn Analysis of Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesCompany to where he believes is exciting uncharted territory at the heart of Africa, still black with mystery on the map. The rising action continues to build up as Marlow witnesses how cruelly the Company employees treat the natives and how the Europeans (including himself eventually) break down ment ally and physically in the African environment. Marlow also grows more intrigued at the prevalent reputation of the mysterious trader Kurtz who is rumored to be a remarkable and humane man. Conflicts ariseRead MoreEssay on Conrad’s usage of imagery in the - Heart of Darkness -1640 Words   |  7 Pagesall across Eastern Asia and the Africa. Regarding Africa, British colonies could be found in the southern and central part of the African continent. British settlers scrambled all across Africa to collect raw natural resources. Their purpose was to establish new markets for the benefit of their homeland country (Dahl 168). When Conrad set out to explore the Congo in 1890, he experienced the horrors of colonialism and imperialism that plagued central Africa. In comparison to Marlow’s journeyRead MoreAids: Is It a Modern Plague?943 Words   |  4 Pagesthe spread of this hideously lethal disease. Scientist believe that the disease originated somewhere in Africa about 20 years ago. HIV antibodies were found in serum drawn in parts of Africa in the early 1970, leading many investigators to believe that the disease originated in Africa, spreading to the Caribbean, and then to the United States. In Africa it first appeared as a mysterious ailment afflicting primarily heterosexuals of both sexes. It probably was spread especially fast by female prostitutesRead MoreThe Various Religions in Africa and Religions African-Americans Preach1030 Words   |  5 PagesThe Various Religions in Africa and Religions African-Americans Preach My assignment is to write about the various religions that are situated in Africa and religions African-Americans preach. There are many different religions in Africa because there are various regions and countries in Africa. Also Africa and its inhabitants have been around for many, many years. One reason that there are so many different religions. The first and most widespread religion I am going to talk about is ChristianityRead MoreMaps And Its Impact On The Borders, Conflicts Over Territories, Citizens And Resources1587 Words   |  7 Pagescreator unlike others which are usually mysterious. By inspecting and analysing this Dutch map of Africa it can be immediately understood that this map wasn’t created by Africans or people who were residing in Africa. It looks as if this map has been drawn by a foreigner as many of the illustrations on the map give the clues. The heavy use of ships drawn on the areas of oceans that covers a good deal of the map suggests to the audience that this is the view of Africa from a maritime standpoint. Even thoughRead MoreAncient Islamic Worlds And The Medieval Period1434 Words   |  6 Pageselements of the expanding Christianity also change the way people thought about how Christianity would work with its own country. Overall modern Europe wouldn’t have been the same if it were not for the spread of Christianity during this time. In Africa, they were the most squeezed by negative trading through the Europeans and Americans use of slave trading. While a lot of the countries took their slaves or servants from their own countries or countries that they controlled at the time, the AfricanRead More Gideon’s Freedom in Doris Lessing’s No Witchcraft For Sale Essay1059 Words   |  5 Pagesmoved into the bush of Southern Africa and realized that they were hopelessly outnumbered, they had to develop ways to create and maintain their authority over the native population. They had tremendous advantages in the obvious areas, as author Jared Diamond writes in his Pulitzer Prize winning book: The proximate reasons behind the outcome of Africa’s collision with Europe are clear. Just as in their encounter with Native Americans, Europeans entering Africa enjoyed the triple advantage

American Civil War Blunders and Diplomatic Failures Essay

War does not determine who is right - only who is left. --Bertrand Russell In the middle of the 19th century the United States was engaged in one of the bloodiest conflicts in the history of the nation known as the American Civil War. The U.S. was at war with a first time enemy known as the Confederate States of America. The southern states had succeeded from the Union and with the battle of Fort Sumter, the war had begun. Both the Union and the Confederates had one goal in mind, respectively. For the North it was to defeat the rebellious states and bring them back into the Union and for the South it was to achieve recognition as an independent country from abroad. The war lasted four years and resulted in over one million casualties†¦show more content†¦The deal of cotton in exchange for recognition had been established. Many of the southerners agreed with the idea of the King Cotton policy and the numbers certainly supported the idea. Of the 800 million pounds of cotton that was used by Great Britain in the years prior to the start of the war, 77 % of it was produced and imported from the American south. Not only did cotton play a huge part in the British economy but in the world economy as well, with around 60% of the world’s supply of cotton coming from the south. The numbers without a doubt support the idea of King Cotton but it’s the numbers themselves that ultimately lead to failure of the policy. It is true how important cotton was but the southern planters and traders made a crucial mistake. Before the Civil War southern states exported huge numbers of cotton during the late 1850’s and in 1860, this lead to markets in Western Europe having a huge overstock of the crop. This rendered the South’s tactics involving their cotton trade ineffective. Unfortunately for the South this would only be the first of setbacks concerning King Cotton. During the beginning of the Civil War famine struck much of Europe and its governments were forced to find other ways of getting food for their people. Many countries turned to the U.S. for their need. With the vast amountShow MoreRelatedAmerican Intelligence After World War II Essay2555 Words   |  11 PagesAfter World War II American intelligence had the need to be transformed. The inexperience along with bureaucracy and poor coordination among American intelligence officers obligated the United States intelligence community to change dramatically in order to confront the new challenges that emerged after the end of WWII. From Early America through WWI the intelligence system of the United States of America was involved in operations in which they had to construct intelligence systems virtually fromRead MoreThesis - Information Operations in Strategic, Operational, and Tactical Levels of War23393 Words   |  94 PagesNAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS INFORMATION OPERATIONS IN STRATEGIC, OPERATIONAL, AND TACTICAL LEVELS OF WAR: A BALANCED SYSTEMATIC APPROACH by Bunyamin Tuner September 2003 Thesis Advisor: Thesis Co-Advisor: Daniel Boger Steve Iatrou Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated toRead MoreBohlander/Snell-Managing Hr24425 Words   |  98 PagesTHE INTERNET the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994. NAFTA created the world’s largest free market. Since its passage, The Outpost Expatriate Network commerce between the United States, Canada, and Mexico has nearly is an online information center tripled, growing twice as fast as U.S. trade with the rest of the world. There for Shell expatriates and their has been a great deal of debate about whether NAFTA has cost Americans families. Go to the Student jobs. EconomistsRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesinsights, we can also learn from successes and find nuggets by comparing the unsuccessful with the successful. With the addition of Google and Starbucks, we have moved Entrepreneurial Adventures up to the front of the book. We have continued Marketing Wars, which many of you recommended, and reinstated Comebacks of firms iii iv †¢ Preface rising from adversity. I have also brought back Ethical Mistakes, because I believe that organizations more than ever need to be responsive to society’s best Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesThe Pros and Cons of Each Strategy 300 Acting Assertively: Neutralizing Influence Attempts 304 SKILL ANALYSIS 310 Case Involving Power and Influence 310 River Woods Plant Manager 310 SKILL PRACTICE 311 Exercise for Gaining Power 311 Repairing Power Failures in Management Circuits 311 Exercise for Using Influence Effectively 312 Ann Lyman’s Proposal 313 Exercises for Neutralizing Unwanted Influence Attempts 314 Cindy’s Fast Foods 314 9:00 to 7:30 315 x CONTENTS SKILL APPLICATION 317 Activities for

Child Has A Rare Genetic Disorder - 1041 Words

Iris’ eyes dilated with terror as she held her newborn. â€Å"My baby!† Iris wept. â€Å"What’s wrong with my baby?!† Shriveled skin and huge oozing blisters plagued the baby s entire body as it shrieked almost as loud as Iris wailing. I m sorry, Ms. Macadamia, but your child has developed a rare genetic disorder, --But it will go away...won t it?! My baby won t be a monster forever? Ma am your child has butterfly syndrome. I m sorry. No! My precious baby! Can t you fix it?! I d do anything! The doctors exchanged anxious glances. We could cocoon your baby...but not many babies have been cocooned yet-- Please! Please, anything! Ms. Macadamia, this process is not entirely safe and we are unsure of†¦show more content†¦She knew this was what was right. This is what her husband would want her to do. Okay Ms. Macadamia. As long as your son is in his cocoon, you may visit him, but he will not be conscious. Thank you. God bless you, Dr. Fern. One week zipped by before Iris left the hospital, dewy-eyed. The next time she d be with her boy he would be taller and heavier. He d have actual hair and longer fingers and bigger feet. But he would be cured. On her first visit a couple weeks later, she examined her child. His wounds from birth had deceptively shrank, he had been released from his protective shelter, he would have many more outbreaks. His genetic disorder would have to be completely out of his system in order to save him from an abnormal life. Good morning, Ms. Macadamia, said a doctor with porcelain skin and diamond eyes. Today I have been assigned to show you how our cocoon works. It is required that anyone participating in an experiment must understand exactly what they are doing. Iris nodded, watching her baby, comatose in his safe-haven. In this machine, his DNA will be meticulously altered so that he no longer possesses the symptoms of Epidermolysis Bullosa. Iris smiled. But you do understand, he will be five years old by the time the cocooning process is over. Yes, I would rather give him the life he deserves no matter the time it takes. Okay, Ms. Macadamia. Today is the last day that you may have anyShow MoreRelatedThe Controversial Issue Of Abortion1584 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion. The subject of abortion has become one of the most controversial issues in health care; deciding whether to abort a life or keep it. There are many ethical issues surrounding the topic. When does the fetus become a person? Is it when they grow arms and legs? Is it when there is a heartbeat? Is there an exact point, where ethically, having an abortion is wrong? There are many reasons people opt to have an abortion. Perhaps the child is bared through non consensual sex or from the failureRead MoreThe Pregnancy Occurs : The Chance Of Successful Implantation After Ivf And Pgd1471 Words   |  6 Pagescases not enough eggs are produced or fertilised in the process of IVF which could lead to some embryos not surviving the PGD procedure. Another disadvantage which is rare but there is still a possibility of it happening is that all eggs c ollected for IVF all are tested as embryos and all are affected by an inherited genetic disorder or disease. This is a disadvantage because it means that after the whole process and cost of the IVF and PGD treatment it means that all embryos will possibly be discardedRead MoreProgeri A Little Known Progressive Genetic Disorder1014 Words   |  5 PagesProgeria is a little known progressive genetic disorder. This extremely rare, highly fatal, genetic disorder, which comes from the Greek â€Å"progeros† meaning â€Å"prematurely aging† (Gale Encyclopedia, p. 2202). With the Greek language â€Å"pro† is meant to mean before, and â€Å"geras† meant for old were combined to create the meaning of this disorder. Commonly referred to as â€Å"Progeria†, this disorder is named Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome; HGPS for short, was first described in an academic journal by twoRead MoreCloning Persuasive Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagespractice that has the potential to vastly improve the lives of unlimited amounts of people. Although cloning may prove to be a useful remedy for many of today’s issues, there are those in the scientific and medical fields who remain vehemently opposed to its practice. It is for this reason that lawmakers, scientists, and doctors around the world are currently locked in a fierce standoff that will determine what if any, impact that cloning will have upon our ever-changing society. Each side has compiledRead MoreEssay on What ´s Prader-Willi Syndrome?738 Words   |  3 PagesPrader-Willi Syndrome, named after the doctors who described it in 1956, is a rare genetic mutation involving missing genes on chromosome 15. The syndrome has two distinct stages and affects the growth and development in patients diagnosed with the disorder. The most major symptom of this disorder is the irregular appetite causing severe weight gain. Prader-Willi syndrome is the most common genetic cause of life-threateni ng childhood obesity and affects a patient for their entire life span. The syndromeRead MoreEssay DiGeorge Syndrome- A Genetic Disorder952 Words   |  4 Pages A genetic disorder, such as DiGeorge syndrome, is an illness caused by one or more abnormalities, which can be passed down through parents, DNA, or mutations. DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) is a rare type of a genetic disorder which is caused by the deletion of chromosome 22. DiGeorge syndrome affects many parts of the body and has a prevalence of 1: 4000 The signs and symptoms of DiGeorge syndrome vary from mild to severe. Symptoms can differ depending on how highly the affected areas are and the severityRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1030 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Defining what is abnormal is not necessarily easy. There are many different criteria to determine what exactly is normal and what is abnormal. According to Ciccarelli and White (2012) as early as 3000 B.C.E. there have been human skulls found with holes in them. Archaeologists suspect this was caused because of the treatments they had years ago such as â€Å"trepanning†. Trepanning is done nowadays as well to remove extra fluids from the brain, as for years ago doctors didRead MoreThe Genetic Disorder : Prader Willi Syndrome1558 Words   |  7 PagesPrader-Willi Syndrome is a genetic disorder that is passed down maternally. The paternal genes of the chromosome 15 in the region of q11-q13 are deleted or unexpressed. The result of these deletions carries distinct phenotypes that differentiate PWS from other disorders (Bà ¶hm, 2014). Some characteristics are a short stature, and specific facial features that tend to make the affected persons resemble one other such as seen in Down syndrome. This typically includes â€Å"almond-shaped eyes, a thin upperRead MoreDefinition Of Disease Of Dwarfism1336 Words   |  6 PagesDefinition of Disease Dwarfism is defined as short stature of 4 feet 10 inches or shorter. This results from a genetic or medical condition. The average height of a person with dwarfism is 4 feet tall. According to the Mayo Clinic, â€Å"There are many things that can cause dwarfism, however; the disorders are divided into two broad categories† (Medical Education, 1998). The first category is called Disproportionate dwarfism, this is when a person’s body parts and limbs may be smaller, larger, or averageRead MoreShould It Be Publicly Funded? Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesSex selection or genetically altering embryos (‘designer babies’). This technology is also not allowed to be used to select for embryos with a particular genetic impairment. For example, if a parent wanted their child to have the same genetic condition as them. Ethics approval is not needed for single gene, sex-linked and chromosomal disorders but it is required for tissue typing. It cannot be used for sex sel ection because of social reasons. There are ethical objections which make the extension

economic Essay Example For Students

economic Essay Globalisation Economic Growth and Development and development indicators. Essay written by: Phillip MilesOutline the differences between economic growth and economic development. Discuss how economic development may be measured. Outline how globalisation may impact upon a nations development. Where appropriate make reference to a relevant case study. Although economic growth and development are similar in meaning, they have some essential differences. Economic growth refers to the increasing ability of a nation to produce more goods and services. Economic development basically implies that individuals of that nation will be better off and takes into account changes in economic and social structures that will reduce or eliminate poverty. Economic development can be measured in a number of different ways including the Human Development Index, a Gender Empowerment Measure, a Human Poverty Index and a Human Freedom Index. All of these measures were developed by the United Nations Development Program. The World Bank also has its own indicator called the World Bank Development Indicator. Globalisation can have both negative affects on a nation. It can impact on the levels of economic growth a country may experience, impact on levels of unemployment or it may impact on a countrys quality of life. Economic growth is the expansion of a co untrys productive capacity. This leads to a rise in total national output. Growth can occur in two different ways; the increased use of land, labour, capital and entrepreneurial resources by using better technology or management techniques and increased productivity of existing resource use through rising labour and capital productivity. While theoretically having an increasing national output means greater material welfare and a rise in living standards, it does not equate to having higher levels of well being for individuals in that nation. Economic growth can, in fact, have negative impacts on a nation including environmental degradation and the loss of traditional cultural values. It also may mean there is greater inequality between different classes in society, that is, the gap between the rich and the poor may grow. It is for these reasons that economic development measurements are also used. Economic growth as a measure fails to account for other important social and economic factors such as the size of the black market, domestic work which is not given a financial value, the level of damage to the environment and inequalities in income distribution. Various indicators have been developed to compensate for the limitations of economic growth measurements. Rather than just measuring the economic living standards in a country, development indicators measure the welfare of individuals in that country. The main development indicator used is the Human Development Index (HDI). It was devised by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) to measure the economic achievements of a nation in combining economic growth as well as social welfare. The HDI takes into account three major factors: Life expectancy at birth: High levels of longevity are critical for a countrys economic and social well being. Levels of educational attainment: The HDI measures adult literacy and the ratio of people in primary, secondary and tertiary education. Gross Domestic Product per c apita: seen as being a measurement of the ability of people to access goods and services. The HDI is essentially a score between 0 and 1. A score of 0 would mean no human development has taken place and a score of 1 is the maximum amount of human development. In 2000, the Human Development Report places Canada as the top ranked nation with a HDI of 0.935. Australia was ranked fourth, with a HDI of 0.929 behind Norway and the United States. The lowest ranked nation was Sierra Leone with a HDI of 0.252. When comparing the HDI of certain countries, the GNP per capita should also be considered. A nation with a much higher-ranking HDI than GNP per capita has had a relatively high level of economic development given their level of economic growth. Examples of this are Tajikistan (+43) and Cuba (+40). In contrast, some nations may have a higher GNP per capita ranking than their HDI ranking. This indicates that there is a very high level of inequality, that is high income levels are only enjoyed by a small proportion of the population. A country with this problem is South Africa with a GNP per capita ranking 54 places higher than their HDI ranking. The UNDP has also developed a number of other indicators. It has developed a specific Gender Development Index which compares the HDI between male and female populations, a Gender Empowerment Measure, which shows gender inequality in economic and political opportunities and a Human Poverty Index (HPI) which measures similar outcomes to the HDI, but examines the extent of disadvantage faced by people who are being deprived of human development. The HPI is adjusted for developing and developed countries. In 1991, the UNDP developed a one off indicator called the Human Freedom Index (HFI). This included such things as the right to travel in ones own country, the right to teach ideas and receive information, the right to have an ethnic language, the freedom from forced or child labour, the freedom from compulsory work permits, the freedom from censorship, the freedom for political, legal, social and economic equality for women, social and economic equality for ethnic minorities and the existence of independent trade unions. The UNDP discontinued this measurement as it was based on subjective facts and would not be a consistent measurement from year to year. The World Bank Developed its own indicator called the World Bank Development Indicator (WBDI). This was made to supplement the Human Development Index. The WBDI mainly measures the quality of life, the success of measures to alleviate poverty, the current account balance, malnutrition, traffic congestion, tax rates, life expectancy, population size, educational standards such as literacy and infant mortality. Another smaller economic development indicator is one developed by economists, James Tobin and William Nordhaus called the Measurement of Economic Welfare. This index takes into account real GNP per capita plus the value of a familys work. It also takes into account the balance of hours spent in leisure and work, pollution levels and th e rate of environmental damage. Globalisation can impact a nation in a variety of ways. A positive effect of globalisation for many nations is that it allows for them to achieve higher levels of economic growth. With higher levels of trade, world output will increase which inturn should mean higher levels of economic growth followed by increased standards of living. This has been particularly true for rapidly developing economies such as Thailand, Malaysia, Korea and Singapore. They have seen phenomenal growth figures throughout the nineties, although many were sent back to recession in 1997 after the Asia crisis. However, nations which had been struggling with achieving sustainable growth and standards of living, may have been further negatively affected by globalisation. With countries such as Africa opening up their markets, they have been inundated with imports, but at the same time unable to sell their exports. This equates to lower levels of growth for these countries and lowe r standards of living. Globalisation has also affected unemployment rates. It has created millions of jobs throughout the world. Twenty-seven million jobs worldwide are now related to exportation. Even with these jobs being created, unemployment is still a major problem for most countries. With increased competition from transnational corporations, domestic employers must remain competitive and to do this they seek improved efficiency. This may mean reducing the amount of staff they have. Also, globalisation has meant that new technologies have been developed to improve efficiency. When new technology is implemented it generally means some jobs are made redundant. Another reason domestic unemployment may rise because of globalisation is that free trade has made many sectors of the domestic market uncompetitive with the global market. An example of this is the European Union, which have subsidised their beef exports. This has meant cattle farmers in Kenya have been unable to compete and have been removed from the market. Rates of inflation can also be affected with increased globalisation. A country with a high rate of inflation will be less competitive globally because their products will be priced higher than others, so they are less competitive. Governments around the world use monetary policy to control the rate of inflation for this reason. If a country is unable to maintain low levels of inflation then its export sector is at high risk of collapsing. Globalisation also impacts the quality of life for nations. It seems that the poor keep getting poorer. When countries open themselves up to international competition governments must apply economic rationalist principles. They may cut government spending in essential areas such as health, welfare and education thus reducing the quality of life in this nation. Also, countries with minimal government regulation often attract large transnational companies. This could result in the exploitation of the workers an d the environment in countries where quality of life may already be low. Poland is a country, which has opened itself up to the global economy. It became a free market in 1990 and since has made strong progress. Although in the very early nineties Poland experienced a sharp decline in GDP, it has since resumed steady growth. In 1999 its GDP growth was 4.1%. The private sector now accounts for over 55% of the total GDP. In early 1990, Poland was experiencing hyper-inflation with levels of up to 1200%. In 1999 the inflation rate was lowered to 7.3%, which although is still high by developed world standards, is slowly dropping. Also in the early nineties, Poland had huge unemployment rates with most sectors at around 30%. This has now been lowered to 13%, which again is high by developed nations standards but is a lot less than the rates experienced early in the decade. Essentially, the difference between economic growth and economic development is that one is a quantitative measure (g rowth) and the other is a qualitative measure (development). Economic development can be measured using a variety of indicators, mostly developed by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), though another widely used indicator was developed by the World Bank. Globalisation can have many affects on nations, depending on their government policies and also on their economic status.

Character Analysis of Sarah Penn free essay sample

Analysis of Sarah Penn In Mary E. Wilkins’ â€Å"The Revolt of ‘Mother,’† the character of Sarah Penn serves a special function. She is both representative of the women of her time and also an anomaly. Like other women of the late 1800s, Sarah is a very hard worker in her home. She lives as a servant to the dictates of her husband, and despite her painful disagreement with his actions. She continues to serve him as any other wife would serve her husband. She cooked his favorite meals, sewed his shirts, and did the many chores around the house that are expected of her. However, although representative in these ways, Sarah is also an anomaly, because even while she is serving her husband she finally decides to rebel against him after 40 years of marriage. His long unfulfilled promise of building his family a better house to live in has been postponed once again while he instead builds a new barn for his farmyard animals. We will write a custom essay sample on Character Analysis of Sarah Penn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sarah determines to move the family into the barn, which is far nicer than the old house they currently inhabit. As such, her actions constitute a world-changing revolution in a society where wives never challenge their husbands’ authority or decisions. Sarah’s traits are similarly divided between the traditional traits of her era’s women and the traits that she needs in order to take a stand against her husband’s failure to fulfill his promise. On the one hand, Wilkins describes Sarah as having a â€Å"mild and benevolent† forehead and â€Å"mild, meek and benevolent downward lines about her nose and mouth,† stating that â€Å"she could be any woman of that time period† (p. 371). Yet when it comes to the long unfulfilled promise, Sarah’s habitual meekness and subservience give way to self-assertion. Her first words in the story are a question posed to her husband Adoniram: â€Å"What are them men diggin’ over there in the field for? † a question that she keeps repeating until she gets an answer (Wilkins, 1890, p. 71). This is a woman who has the gumption to take a stand for what she feels she is honestly entitled to and who is willing to be vocal about it if necessary. When the minister attempts to interfere with what she is doing, Sarah tells him, â€Å"I’ve got my own mind an’ my own feet, an’ I’m goin’ to think my own thoughts an’ go my own ways, an’ nobody but the Lord is goin’ to dictate to me unless I’ve a mind to have him,† yet she follows this immediately with, â€Å"Won’t you come in an’ set down? (Wilkins, 1890, p. 381). The motivation for Sarah’s sudden rebellion against her husband is derived from two sources. First, the fact of the barn’s being raised is a slap in the face when it is so much newer and better than the house she has been living in for 40 years. Second, Nanny is getting married soon and will not be able to endure the hardships of marriage if she cannot live at home where Sarah can help her. Sarah’s development in the story is of the turning-point variety. She has patiently endured her husband’s broken promise and being taken for granted for the entire length of her marriage up to her moment of epiphany when she realizes that she must take charge right now if she is ever to have the home she wants. At that moment, she turns and begins asserting herself. She does not become vengeful or bitter; upon finding Adoniram weeping, she touches his arm and comforts him, but she still maintains her victory. References Wilkins, M. E. (1890). The Revolt of Mother. American Literature, 371 – 381.